Download Document
نویسندگان
چکیده
The μ-opioid receptor (MOP) is a subtype that belongs to the superfamily of 7-transmembranespanning G-protein-coupled receptors. Pharmacological studies with gene-knockout mice show that MOP is a major target for the clinically important opioid drugs, such as morphine and fentanyl, and it appears to play critical roles in the mediation of the major effects of these opioid drugs, including analgesia, tolerance, dependence and respiratory depression [1,2,201] . Homozygous MOP-deficient mice are insensitive to morphine [3-5] . In addition, heterozygous MOP-deficient mice, which possess approximately half of the amount of MOP protein in wild-type mice, exhibit haploinsufficiency in the analgesic effects of morphine [4,5] . The CXBK mouse strain, a recombinant inbred strain derived from an F2 intercross between BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, exhibit reduced responses to opioid receptor agonists [6] . The CXBK strain expresses approximately half of the amount of MOP mRNA compared with progenitor strains and display phenotypes similar to those of heterozygous MOP-deficient mice [7] . In the CXBK strain, an intracisternal A-particle transposon is inserted in the 3 ́-UTR of the MOP gene, which would be expected to be the cause of the reduced response to opioids [8] . Among wild-derived inbred mouse strains, many genetic variations were identified in the mouse MOP gene, and some of these variations were associated with interstrain differences in opioid sensitivity [9] . These results suggest that genetic variations in the MOP gene and MOP expression influence morphine sensitivity in a gene dosage-dependent manner.
منابع مشابه
Practical Linear Algebra - A Geometry Toolbox, 3rd Edition
practical linear algebra a geometry toolbox third edition practical linear algebra: a geometry toolbox, third edition practical linear algebra a geometry toolbox third edition click here to access this book : free download practical linear algebra: a geometry toolbox, third free download practical linear algebra: a geometry toolbox practical linear algebra a geometry toolbox busvoll practical l...
متن کاملPioneers of Automatic Control Systems
All rights, including copyright, in the content of this document are owned or controlled for these purposes by FSTC Limited. In accessing these web pages, you agree that you may only download the content for your own personal non-commercial use. You are not permitted to copy, broadcast, download, store (in any medium), transmit, show or play in public, adapt or change in any way the content of ...
متن کاملDownload Ebook OBJECT - ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN WITH APPLICATIONS ( 3 RD EDITION ) BY GRADY BOOCH DOWNLOAD EBOOK : OBJECT - ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN WITH APPLICATIONS ( 3 RD EDITION ) BY GRADY BOOCH PDF
متن کامل
Automatic Construction of Evaluation Sets and Evaluation of Document Similarity Models in Large Scholarly Retrieval Systems
Retrieval systems for scholarly literature offer the ability for the scientific community to search, explore and download scholarly articles across various scientific disciplines. Mostly used by the experts in the particular field, these systems contain user community logs including information on user specific downloaded articles. In this paper we present a novel approach for automatically eva...
متن کاملOn full text download and citation distributions in scientific-scholarly journals
A statistical analysis of full text downloads of articles in Elsevier's ScienceDirect covering all disciplines reveals large differences in download frequencies, their skewness, and their correlation with Scopus-based citation counts, between disciplines, journals, and document types. Download counts tend to be two orders of magnitude higher and less skewedly distributed than citations. A mathe...
متن کامل[Ibn An-Nafis and the discovery of pulmonary circulation].
All rights, including copyright, in the content of this document are owned or controlled for these purposes by FSTC Limited. In accessing these web pages, you agree that you may only download the content for your own personal non-commercial use. You are not permitted to copy, broadcast, download, store (in any medium), transmit, show or play in public, adapt or change in any way the content of ...
متن کامل